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04status.c
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1993-07-26
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** STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION **
Official Status
Officially, the common loon is not an endangered species in either
the United States or Canada. Unlike the California condor, the
peregrine falcon, or the Kirtland's warbler, the common loon is not on
the U.S. Department of Interior's List of Endangered Wildlife. The
federal designation process for endangered species requires that the
species be "in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant
portion of its range." The same holds for federally threatened species;
the species must be "likely within the foreseeable future to become
endangered throughout all or part of a significant portion of its
range."
The key word is significant. Loons are in serious trouble in parts of
their United States' range, but not in a large enough percentage to fit
the endangered or threatened criteria; therefore, the special
protections and funding programs of the U.S. Endangered Species Act
are not available for loon management efforts. In 1984, the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service did nominate the common loon for a new List of
National Species of Special Emphasis, but Congress did not accept the
nomination. Technically, the common loon has no special status. It is
treated like any other migratory nongame bird.
At the state level there has been a lot of attention directed toward
common loon management and many states have provided special
designations. For example, it has been declared by state legislation a
threatened species in New Hampshire and Michigan. In Wisconsin,
the loon is on the state's Watch List, indicating that a close
monitoring of the species is needed. The picture of loons in the
United States today is a mosaic with pockets of plenty like northern
Minnesota or Alaska, states with marginal populations like Vermont,
and states like Wisconsin with fairly comfortable numbers.
In Canada, the common loon is protected by federal law, but it
enjoys no special designation or protection even though the loon is
featured on a newly released Canadian dollar coin.
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